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Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 629-637 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0825-2

摘要： Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is a major comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes remain unclear. In this study, 102 cases of COVID-19 from January 22, 2020 to March 26, 2020 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou were included. Twenty cases had pre-existing CCVD. Results showed that compared with non-CCVD patients, those with CCVD are more likely to develop severe disease (15% versus 1%), and the proportion of pneumonia severity index grade IV was significantly higher (25% versus 3.6%). Computed tomography images demonstrated that the proportion of multiple lobe lesion involvement was significantly higher in the CCVD group than in the non-CCVD group (90% versus 63.4%). Compared with non-CCVD group, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and serum amyloid-A were higher, whereas the total protein and arterial partial PaO were lower in the CCVD group. Although no statistical difference was observed in the outcomes between groups, CCVD patients received more intensive comprehensive treatment to improve COVID-19 symptoms compared with non-CCVD patients. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatments have certain advantages in controlling the severe conversion rate and mortality of COVID-19. In addition, given that COVID-19 patients are usually related to coagulation disorders and thrombosis risk, the application of Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation and removing stasis should be strengthened.

关键词： COVID-19     cardio-cerebrovascular disease     traditional Chinese medicine     clinical features     clinical therapeutics    

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Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease: findings from Beijing Health Management

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1684-2

摘要：

● This study explored the long-term association by double robust additive models.

关键词： Air pollution     Cerebrovascular disease     Incidence     Long-term exposure     Doubly robust additive model    

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Evaluation of the relative risk of stroke in patients with hypertension using cerebrovascular hemodynamic

HUANG Jiuyi, WANG Guiqing, GUO Jiping, CAO Yifeng, WANG Yan, YANG Yongju, YU Xuehai

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 274-278 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0052-0

摘要： The relative risk (RR) of stroke in patients with hypertension was evaluated by using synthetic index of cerebrovascular hemodynamics. A total of 7,371 patients with hypertension with ages ≥40 years were selected from a population-based cohort study of the risk factors for stroke. The data on the baseline investigation of risk factors, the determination of cerebrovascular hemodynamic parameters (CVHP), and stroke follow-up were analyzed. The RR of stroke in patients with hypertension was evaluated by CVHP scores. Univariate analysis indicated that hypertension, complicated by other risk factors, had significant statistical association with the onset of stroke. RRs for stroke when hypertension complicated with decrease of hemodynamic scores, heart disease, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were 4.93 (95%CI, 3.26–7.45), 1.90 (95%CI, 1.36–2.66), 1.99 (95%CI, 1.42–2.79) and 1.73 (95%CI, 1.19–2.53) respectively. In multivariate analysis, hemodynamic score, age, sex, cigarette smoking, family history of stroke and systolic blood pressure were selected by the Cox regression for inclusion in the final analysis. Among them, the RR of hemodynamic score was highest. The analysis of doseresponse relationships indicated that when the hemodynamic scores in patients with hypertension were lower than 75 points, the RR of stroke at 75, 60, 45, 30 and 15 points were 2.85, 4.43, 4.54, 5.40 and 9.88, respectively. The risk of stroke in patients with hypertension is closely asso ciated with hemodynamic impairment and the hemodynamic score may be used for quantitative evaluation of relative risks of stroke.

关键词： inclusion     quantitative evaluation     cerebrovascular     relative     decrease    

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国外重大慢性非传染性疾病防治对策研究

张祝琴,刘德培

《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第2期   页码 112-116 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.019

摘要：

重大慢性非传染性疾病包括心脑血管疾病、癌症、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病等，其流行给全球居民健康造成了重大威胁。为进一步对慢性病进行有效预防控制，促进健康、推动经济和社会发展，2014年中国工程院立项并开展了“重大慢性非传染性疾病防治的国际对比研究”项目，对国内外慢性病预防控制情况以及可供我们借鉴的经验进行了详细分析。本文从慢性病发病概况入手，分析了各种疾病的预防控制措施，并对不同国家的慢性病预防控制体系进行比较，凝练有益经验和方法，提出了增强我国慢性病预防控制的措施和建议。

关键词： 慢性病     心脑血管疾病     癌症     呼吸系统疾病     糖尿病     疾病预防控制体系    

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et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 354-359 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0234-2

摘要：

Beh?et’s disease is defined as a multisystemic inflammatory disease. Although the precise pathogenesis and etiology is still a mystery, accumulating evidence shows that genetic variants of immune-related genes have a profound influence on the development of Beh?et’s disease. To explore the genetic factors for Beh?et’s disease, our group investigated the association of Beh?et’s disease with multiple immune response genes and has identified multiple Beh?et’s disease-related immunoregulatory pathways in the Chinese Han population. A large number of gene polymorphisms were studied including STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, OPN, IL17, JAK2, MCP-1, CTLA4, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TGRBR3, CCR6, PTPN22, FCRL3, IRF5, SUMO4 and UBAC2. Significant associations were found between Beh?et’s disease and STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, MCP-1, TGFBR3, FCRL3, SUMO4, UBAC2. These genetic predisposition studies support an important role for both lymphocyte differentiation as well as ubiquitination pathways. These findings are helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of Beh?et’s disease and hopefully will allow the development of novel treatment regimes.

关键词： Beh?et’s disease     SNPs     immune gene     genetic study    

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Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x

摘要：

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio shows many limitations in COPD diagnosis and assessment. Certain heterogeneities are found in terms of clinical manifestations, physiology, imaging findings, and inflammatory reactions in COPD patients; thus, phenotyping can provide effective information for the prognosis and treatment. However, phenotypes are often based on symptoms or pathophysiological impairments in late-stage COPD, and the role of phenotypes in COPD prevention and early diagnosis remains unclear. This shortcoming may be overcome by the potential genotypes defined by the heterogeneities in certain genes. This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. The potential roles of these genotypes and phenotypes in the molecular mechanisms and management of COPD are also elucidated.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     heterogeneity     phenotype     genotype     prediction    

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Acupuncture for the management of dry eye disease

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 975-983 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0923-4

摘要： The effectiveness of using acupuncture for dry eye disease (DED) is controversial. Thus, this systematic review investigated the effectiveness and feasibility of using acupuncture for DED in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA statement. The outcomes of interests were (1) to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture in improving the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer I test score, and tear breakup time from baseline to the last follow-up; (2) to determine possible complications of using acupuncture; and (3) to investigate the superiority of acupuncture over other commonly used treatments for DED. Data from 394 patients were collected. Results showed that acupuncture significantly prolonged the tear breakup time (P < 0.0001), significantly increased the Schirmer I test score ( P < 0.0001), and significantly reduced the OSDI ( P < 0.0001) from baseline to the last follow-up. Compared with the control group, the acupuncture group had significantly greater Schirmer I test score ( P < 0.0001), significantly longer tear breakup time ( P = 0.0004), and significantly lower OSDI (P = 0.002). These results suggest that acupuncture is effective and feasible in improving symptoms and signs of DED. No severe adverse effects of acupuncture were observed.

关键词： dry eye disease     xerophthalmus     acupuncture    

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中药生物活性成分对糖脂代谢紊乱疾病的治疗作用和机制 Review

张莹, 鞠佳明, 焦磊, 杨宝峰

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第29卷 第10期   页码 73-82 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.004

摘要：

胆固醇和葡萄糖稳态异常在心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、中枢神经系统疾病和癌症等多种疾病的发生发展中起着至关重要的作用。 越来越多的研究表明，体内脂肪堆积过多与2型糖尿病或胰岛素抵抗有关，高胆固醇和高血糖将加重上述疾病的发展进程。因此，稳定患者的血脂和血糖水平是改善心脑血管和中枢神经系统疾病患者症状的主要策略。中药（CHM）在中国已有两千多年的历史，建立了独特的中医理论，积累了丰富的临床经验。此外，中药在国内外广泛应用于心脑血管疾病的治疗和预防，具有防治高脂血症、糖尿病和高血压等疾病的优势。然而，中药在西方国家的使用仍然相当有限，部分原因是对其多种复杂成分的了解不完整，药理机制不确定。本文就中药生物活性成分及其制剂治疗高脂血症和高血糖症的作用、分子机制和临床研究进展进行综述和讨论。

关键词： Chinese herbal medicines     Hyperlipidemia     Hyperglycemia     Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases    

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Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development

Long-de Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 2-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015002

摘要： Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a major threat to humanity. International studies have shown that of 57 million deaths worldwide in 2008, 36 million (63%) were caused by chronic non-communicable diseases; of these, 29 million (80%) occurred in low and middle income countries. The WHO predicts that if the current trend continues, the annual number of deaths due to chronic non-communicable diseases will increase to 55 million by 2030. Due to acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, along with population aging and rapid changes of people’s lifestyle, the morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases are rapidly increasing in China. Therefore, dealing with the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases has become one of the current major health issues for China to address. On the basis of summarizing the status of major chronic diseases in China, analyzing the key issues and key factors in chronic disease prevention and control, and reviewing and summarizing the experience from the previous projects, this paper proposes the following recommendations as strategies for chronic disease prevention and control and development of relevant system, which China should adopt. All relevant government departments should formulate corresponding policies; establish a coordinated and efficient work system with rational structure and clear division of tasks and responsibilities within the system. Implementation and development of “integrated medicine” in system is necessary. Work norms and requirements will then improve the performance and efficiency in chronic disease prevention and control in China.

关键词： chronic disease prevention and control     strategy and system construction    

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Astrocytes in depression and Alzheimer’s disease

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 829-841 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0875-0

摘要： Astrocytes are an abundant subgroup of cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that play a critical role in controlling neuronal circuits involved in emotion, learning, and memory. In clinical cases, multiple chronic brain diseases may cause psychosocial and cognitive impairment, such as depression and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). For years, complex pathological conditions driven by depression and AD have been widely perceived to contribute to a high risk of disability, resulting in gradual loss of self-care ability, lower life qualities, and vast burden on human society. Interestingly, correlational research on depression and AD has shown that depression might be a prodrome of progressive degenerative neurological disease. As a kind of multifunctional glial cell in the CNS, astrocytes maintain physiological function via supporting neuronal cells, modulating pathologic niche, and regulating energy metabolism. Mounting evidence has shown that astrocytic dysfunction is involved in the progression of depression and AD. We herein review the current findings on the roles and mechanisms of astrocytes in the development of depression and AD, with an implication of potential therapeutic avenue for these diseases by targeting astrocytes.

关键词： astrocytes     depression     Alzheimer’s disease     roles     mechanisms    

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Minimal residual disease in solid tumors: an overview

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 649-674 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1018-6

摘要： Minimal residual disease (MRD) is termed as the small numbers of remnant tumor cells in a subset of patients with tumors. Liquid biopsy is increasingly used for the detection of MRD, illustrating the potential of MRD detection to provide more accurate management for cancer patients. As new techniques and algorithms have enhanced the performance of MRD detection, the approach is becoming more widely and routinely used to predict the prognosis and monitor the relapse of cancer patients. In fact, MRD detection has been shown to achieve better performance than imaging methods. On this basis, rigorous investigation of MRD detection as an integral method for guiding clinical treatment has made important advances. This review summarizes the development of MRD biomarkers, techniques, and strategies for the detection of cancer, and emphasizes the application of MRD detection in solid tumors, particularly for the guidance of clinical treatment.

关键词： MRD     solid tumor     CTC     ctDNA    

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Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations

Zhonghua Sun

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 254-270 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0153-7

摘要： Multislice computed tomography (CT) has been widely used in clinical practice for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease due to its reduced invasiveness and high spatial and temporal resolution. As a reliable alternative to conventional angiography, multislice CT angiography has been recognized as the method of choice for detecting and diagnosing head and neck vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and pulmonary embolism. In patients with suspected coronary artery disease, although invasive coronary angiography still remains as the gold standard technique, multislice CT angiography demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy; in selected patients, it is considered as the first-line technique. The imaging diagnosis of cardiovascular disease is based on a combination of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) visualization tools to enhance the diagnostic value. This is facilitated by reconstructed visualizations which provide additional information about the extent of the disease, an accurate assessment of the spatial relationship between normal structures and pathological changes, and pre-operative planning and post-procedure follow-up. The aim of the present article is to present an overview of the diagnostic performance of various 2D and 3D CT visualizations in cardiovascular disease, including multiplanar reformation, maximum intensity projection, volume rendering, and virtual intravascular endoscopy. The recognition of the potential value of these visualizations will assist clinicians in efficiently using the multislice CT imaging modality for the diagnostic management of patients with cardiovascular disease.

关键词： cardiovascular disease     multislice computed tomography     three-dimensional reconstruction     diagnosis     visualization    

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Zooming in and out of ferroptosis in human disease

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 173-206 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0992-z

摘要： Ferroptosis is defined as an iron-dependent regulated form of cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. In the past decade, it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases that together involve almost every organ of the body, including various cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases, endocrine metabolic diseases, iron-overload-related diseases, orthopedic diseases and autoimmune diseases. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its regulatory pathways could provide additional strategies for the management of these disease conditions. Indeed, there are an expanding number of studies suggesting that ferroptosis serves as a bona-fide target for the prevention and treatment of these diseases in relevant pre-clinical models. In this review, we summarize the progress in the research into ferroptosis and its regulatory mechanisms in human disease, while providing evidence in support of ferroptosis as a target for the treatment of these diseases. We also discuss our perspectives on the future directions in the targeting of ferroptosis in human disease.

关键词： ferroptosis     human disease     iron metabolism     lipid peroxidation     antioxidation    

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PulseNet China, a model for future laboratory-based bacterial infectious disease surveillance in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 366-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0214-6

摘要：

Surveillance is critical for the prevention and control of infectious disease. China’s real-time web-based infectious disease reporting system is a distinguished achievement. However, many aspects of the current China Infectious Disease Surveillance System do not yet meet the demand for timely outbreak detection and identification of emerging infectious disease. PulseNet, the national molecular typing network for foodborne disease surveillance was first established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States in 1995 and has proven valuable in the early detection of outbreaks and tracing the pathogen source. Since 2001, the China CDC laboratory for bacterial pathogen analysis has been a member of the PulseNet International family; and has been adapting the idea and methodology of PulseNet to develop a model for a future national laboratory-based surveillance system for all bacterial infectious disease. We summarized the development progress for the PulseNet China system and discussed it as a model for the future of China’s national laboratory-based surveillance system.

关键词： infectious disease     laboratory-based infectious disease surveillance     pulse field gel electrophoresis     multilocus sequencing typing     PulseNet China    

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The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China: disease burden and distribution of genotypes

Honglu Zhou, Songmei Wang, Lorenz von Seidlein, Xuanyi Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0733-5

摘要： With the improvements of sanitation and nationwide safe water supply the occurrence of bacterial diarrhea declined remarkably, while viruses became the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis (AGE). Of these viruses, noroviruses (NoVs) are responsible for a considerable burden of gastroenteritis, especially in children<2 years and elderly≥65 years. NoVs circulating in the Chinese population are antigenically highly diverse with the genotype GII.4 being the dominant strain followed by GII.3. Given the widespread contamination in environmental sources, and highly infectious nature of NoVs, vaccination would be the desirable strategy for the control of NoV infections. However, a better understanding of acquired immunity after infection, and a reliable immunological surrogate marker are urgently needed, since two vaccine candidates based on virus-like particles (VLPs) are currently moving into clinical evaluations in China.

关键词： molecular epidemiology     norovirus     disease burden     genotype     China    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

期刊论文

Long-term exposure to air pollution and cerebrovascular disease: findings from Beijing Health Management

期刊论文

Evaluation of the relative risk of stroke in patients with hypertension using cerebrovascular hemodynamic

HUANG Jiuyi, WANG Guiqing, GUO Jiping, CAO Yifeng, WANG Yan, YANG Yongju, YU Xuehai

期刊论文

国外重大慢性非传染性疾病防治对策研究

张祝琴,刘德培

期刊论文

et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

期刊论文

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

null

期刊论文

Acupuncture for the management of dry eye disease

期刊论文

中药生物活性成分对糖脂代谢紊乱疾病的治疗作用和机制

张莹, 鞠佳明, 焦磊, 杨宝峰

期刊论文

Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development

Long-de Wang

期刊论文

Astrocytes in depression and Alzheimer’s disease

期刊论文

Minimal residual disease in solid tumors: an overview

期刊论文

Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations

Zhonghua Sun

期刊论文

Zooming in and out of ferroptosis in human disease

期刊论文

PulseNet China, a model for future laboratory-based bacterial infectious disease surveillance in China

null

期刊论文

The epidemiology of norovirus gastroenteritis in China: disease burden and distribution of genotypes

Honglu Zhou, Songmei Wang, Lorenz von Seidlein, Xuanyi Wang

期刊论文